What is the primary substance produced by melanocytes?

Melanocytes are specialized cells found primarily in the skin and hair follicles, and their main function is to produce melanin. Melanin is the pigment responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. It plays a critical role in protecting the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by absorbing and dissipating this energy. The production of melanin increases in response to sun exposure, contributing to the tanning effect and providing some degree of protection against UV-induced damage.

In contrast, carotene is a pigment found in certain fruits and vegetables, collagen is a structural protein important for skin strength and elasticity, and keratin is a protein that serves as a key structural component of hair and nails. While these substances are vital for various functions in the body, they do not originate from melanocytes; therefore, they are not the primary substance produced by these cells.