Which acid is classified under beta hydroxy acids?

Salicylic acid is classified as a beta hydroxy acid (BHA), which distinguishes it from alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, and mandelic acid. The key characteristic of beta hydroxy acids is their ability to penetrate oil-laden follicles, making them particularly effective for treating acne and oily skin conditions. Salicylic acid's oil-soluble nature allows it to dissolve the debris within pores, leading to improved skin clarity and reduced congestion. This property is especially beneficial for individuals who experience breakouts, as it helps exfoliate the skin and prevent future blemishes.

In contrast, glycolic, lactic, and mandelic acids are all alpha hydroxy acids, which primarily exfoliate the surface of the skin and are more suited for addressing issues like dry skin, fine lines, and uneven skin tone. Understanding these differences helps in choosing the right treatment for specific skin concerns.